Mixed Race Studies

Race Talk and the Conspiracy of Silence: Understanding and Facilitating Difficult Dialogues on Race

Wiley
January 2015
304 pages
Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-118-95872-8
Paperback ISBN: 978-1-119-24198-0
E-book ISBN: 978-1-118-95965-7

Derald Wing Sue, Professor of Psychology and Education
Columbia University, New York, New York

Turn Uncomfortable Conversations into Meaningful Dialogue

If you believe that talking about race is impolite, or that “colorblindness” is the preferred approach, you must read this book. Race Talk and the Conspiracy of Silence debunks the most pervasive myths using evidence, easy-to-understand examples, and practical tools.

This significant work answers all your questions about discussing race by covering:

• Characteristics of typical, unproductive conversations on race
• Tacit and explicit social rules related to talking about racial issues
• Race-specific difficulties and misconceptions regarding race talk
• Concrete advice for educators and parents on approaching race in a new way

Table of Contents

• Preface
• Preface to the Paperback Edition
• Acknowledgments
• About the Author
• SECTION ONE: THE CHARACTERISTICS, DYNAMICS, AND MEANING OF RACE TALK
  • CHAPTER ONE What Is Race Talk?
    • Race Talk Represents a Potential Clash of Racial Realities
    • Race Talk Pushes Emotional Hot Buttons
    • Race Talk Evokes Avoidance Strategies
    • Why Is Successful Race Talk Important?
  • CHAPTER TWO The Characteristics and Dynamics of Race Talk
    • What Are Characteristics of Race Talk?
    • How Do Societal Ground Rules (Norms) Impede Race Talk?
    • Why Is Race Talk So Difficult and Uncomfortable for Participants?
    • Conclusions
  • CHAPTER THREE The Stories We Tell: White Talk Versus Back Talk
    • Race Talk: Narratives and Counter-Narratives
    • Telling on Racism: Unmasking Ugly Secrets
• SECTION TWO: THE CONSTRAINING GROUND RULES FOR RACE TALK
  • CHAPTER FOUR “The Entire World’s a Stage!”
    • The Politeness Protocol and Race Talk
    • The Academic Protocol and Race Talk
  • CHAPTER FIVE Color-Blind Means Color-Mute
    • Color-Evasion: “We Are All the Same Under the Skin”
    • Stereotype-Evasion: “I Don’t Believe in Those Stereotypes”
    • Power-Evasion: “Everyone Can Make It in Society, If They Work Hard Enough”
    • Myth of the Melting Pot
• SECTION THREE: WHY IS IT DIFFICULT FOR PEOPLE OF COLOR TO HONESTLY TALK ABOUT RACE?
  • CHAPTER SIX “What Are the Consequences for Saying What I Mean?”
    • Ethnocentric Monoculturalism
    • Power and Oppression
  • CHAPTER SEVEN “To Speak or How to Speak, That Is the Question”
    • Communication Styles
    • Nonverbal Communication
    • Nonverbal Communication in Race Talk: Sociopolitical Considerations
    • Being Constrained and Silenced: Impact on People of Color
    • Conclusions
• SECTION FOUR: WHY IS IT DIFFICULT FOR WHITE PEOPLE TO HONESTLY TALK ABOUT RACE?
  • CHAPTER EIGHT “I’m Not Racist!”
    • Cognitive Avoidance—Racism Denial
    • Emotional Avoidance—Fear, Guilt, and Other Feelings
    • Behavioral Avoidance—Helplessness and Hopelessness
    • Emotional Roadblocks to Race Talk
  • CHAPTER NINE “I’m Not White; I’m Italian!”
    • What Does It Mean to Be White?
    • The Invisibility of Whiteness: What Does It Mean?
    • The Fear of Owning White Privilege
    • Fear of Taking Personal Responsibility to End Racism: Moving From Being Nonracist to Becoming Antiracist
• SECTION FIVE: RACE TALK AND SPECIAL GROUP CONSIDERATIONS
  • CHAPTER TEN Interracial/Interethnic Race Talk: Difficult Dialogues Between Groups of Color
    • Interracial/Interethnic Relationship Issues
    • Race Talk: Fears of Divide and Conquer
    • Sources of Conflict Between People of Color
  • CHAPTER ELEVEN Race Talk and White Racial Identity Development: For Whites Only
    • Developing a Nonracist and Antiracist Racial Identity
    • White Racial Identity Development and Race Talk
• SECTION SIX: GUIDELINES, CONDITIONS, AND SOLUTIONS FOR HAVING HONEST RACIAL DIALOGUES
  • CHAPTER TWELVE Being an Agent of Change: Guidelines for Educators, Parents, and Trainers
    • Talking to Children About Race and Racism
    • Guidelines for Taking Personal Responsibility for Change
  • CHAPTER THIRTEEN Helping People Talk About Race: Facilitation Skills for Educators and Trainers
    • Ineffective Strategies: Five Things Not to Do
    • Successful Strategies: Eleven Potentially Positive Actions
• References
• Author Index
• Subject Index

Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice, 7th Edition

Wiley
December 2015
832 pages
7.2 x 1.7 x 9.6 inches
Hardcover ISBN-13: 978-1119084303

Derald Wing Sue, Professor of Psychology and Education
Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology
Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, New York

David Sue, Professor Emeritus of Psychology
Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington

The standard bearing guide for multicultural counseling courses now enhanced with research-based, topical, and pedagogical refinements

Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice, 7th Edition is the new update to the seminal work on multicultural counseling. From author Derald Wing Sue – one of the most cited multicultural scholars in the United States – this comprehensive work includes current research, cultural and scientific theoretical formations, and expanded exploration of internalized racism. Replete with real-world examples, this book explains why conversations revolving around racial issues remain so difficult, and provides specific techniques and advice for leading forthright and productive discussions. The new edition focuses on essential instructor and student needs to facilitate a greater course-centric focus.

In response to user feedback and newly available research, the seventh edition reflects:

• Renewed commitment to comprehensiveness. As compared to other texts in the field, CCD explores and covers nearly all major multicultural counseling topics in the profession. Indeed, reviewers believed it the most comprehensive of the texts published, and leads in coverage of microaggressions in counseling, interracial/interethnic counseling, social justice approaches to counseling, implications of indigenous healing, the sociopolitical nature of counseling, racial identity development, and cultural use of evidence-based practice.
• Streamlined Presentation to allow students more time to review and analyze rather than read more detailed text
• New advances and important changes, such as expanded coverage of internalized racism, cultural humility, expansion of microaggression coverage to other marginalized groups, social justice/advocacy skills, recent research and thinking on evidence-based practice, and new approaches to work with specific populations.
• Most current work in multicultural mental health practice including careful consideration of the multicultural guidelines proposed by the American Psychological Association and the draft guidelines for Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC) (2015) from the American Counseling Association’s Revision Committee.
• Expanded attention to the emotive nature of the content so that the strong emotive reaction of students to the material does not prevent self-exploration (a necessary component of cultural competence in the helping professions).
• Strengthened Pedagogy in each chapter with material to facilitate experiential activities and discussion and to help students digest the material including broad Chapter Objectives and more specific and oftentimes controversial Reflection and Discussion Questions. Every chapter opens with a clinical vignette, longer narrative, or situational example that previews the major concepts and issues discussed in the chapter. The Chapter Focus Questions serve as prompts to address the opening ‘course objectives,’ but these questions not only preview the content to be covered, but are cast in such a way as to allow instructors and trainers to use them as discussion questions throughout the course or workshop. We have retained the ‘Implications for Clinical Practice’ sections and added a new Summary after every chapter. Instructor’s Handbook has been strengthen and expanded to provide guidance on teaching the course, anticipating resistances, overcoming them, and providing exercises that could be used such as case studies, videos/movies, group activities, tours/visits, and other pedagogy that will facilitate learning.
• Easier comparison between and among groups made possible by updating population specific chapters to use common topical headings (when possible).

Offering the perfect blend of theory and practice, this classic text helps readers overcome the discomfort associated with discussions of race, provides real-world examples of how to discuss diversity and difference openly and honestly, and closely examines the hidden and unwritten rules that dictate many aspects of diversity in today’s world.

Table of Contents

• Preface
• About the Authors
• Section One the Multiple Dimensions of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy
  • Part I: The Affective and Conceptual Dimensions of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy
    • Chapter 1 Obstacles to Cultural Competence: Understanding Resistance to Multicultural Training
      • Emotional Self-Revelations and Fears: Majority Group Members
      • Emotional Invalidation versus Affirmation: For Marginalized Group Members
      • A Word of Caution
      • Recognizing and Understanding Resistance to Multicultural Training: For Trainees and Trainers
      • Cognitive Resistance—Denial
      • Emotional Resistance
      • Behavioral Resistance
      • Conclusions
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 2 The Superordinate Nature of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy
      • Culture Universal (Etic) versus Culture Specific (Emic) Formulations
      • The Nature of Multicultural Counseling Competence
      • A Tripartite Framework for Understanding the Multiple Dimensions of Identity
      • Individual and Universal Biases in Psychology and Mental Health
      • The Impact of Group Identities on Counseling and Psychotherapy
      • What Is Multicultural Counseling/Therapy?
      • What Is Cultural Competence?
      • Cultural Humility and Cultural Competence
      • Social Justice and Cultural Competence
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 3 Multicultural Counseling Competence for Counselors and Therapists of Marginalized Groups
      • Counselors from Marginalized Groups Working with Majority and Other Marginalized Group Clients
      • The Politics of Interethnic and Interracial Bias and Discrimination
      • The Historical and Political Relationships between Groups of Color
      • Differences between Racial/Ethnic Groups
      • Counselors of Color and Dyadic Combinations
      • Summary
      • References
  • Part II The Political Dimensions of Mental Health Practice
    • Chapter 4 The Political and Social Justice Implications of Counseling and Psychotherapy
      • The Education and Training of Mental Health Professionals
      • Definitions of Mental Health
      • Counseling and Mental Health Literature
      • Need to Treat Social Problems—Social Justice Counseling
      • The Foci of Therapeutic Interventions: Individual, Professional, Organizational and Societal
      • Social Justice Counseling
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 5 Impact of Systemic Oppression
      • Therapist Credibility and Client Worldviews
      • The Rest of the Story
      • Therapist Credibility and Attractiveness
      • Formation of Individual and Systemic Worldviews
      • Formation of Worldviews
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 6 Microaggressions in Counseling and Psychotherapy
      • Contemporary Forms of Oppression
      • Evolution of the “Isms”: Microaggressions
      • The Dynamics and Dilemmas of Microaggressions
      • Therapeutic Implications
      • Summary
  • Part III The Practice Dimensions of Multicultural Counseling/Therapy
    • Chapter 7 Barriers to Multicultural Counseling and Therapy: Individual and Family Perspectives
      • Identifying Multicultural Therapeutic Issues
      • Generic Characteristics of Counseling/Therapy
      • Culture-Bound Values
      • Class-Bound Values
      • Language Barriers
      • Patterns of “American” Cultural Assumptions and Multicultural Family Counseling/Therapy
      • Conclusions
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 8 Culturally Appropriate Intervention Skills and Strategies
      • Cultural Expression of Mental Disorders
      • Communication Styles
      • Sociopolitical Facets of Nonverbal Communication
      • Counseling and Therapy as Communication Style
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 9 Multicultural Evidence-Based Practice
      • Evidence-Based Practice and Multiculturalism
      • Evidence-Based Practice and Diversity Issues in Therapy
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 10 Non-Western Indigenous Methods of Healing: Implications for Multicultural Counseling and Therapy
      • Legitimacy of Culture-Bound Syndromes: Nightmare Deaths and the Hmong Sudden Death Phenomenon
      • The Principles of Indigenous Healing
      • Conclusion
      • Summary
      • References
  • Part IV Racial/Cultural Identity Development in Multicultural Counseling and Therapy
    • Chapter 11 Racial/Cultural Identity Development in People of Color: Therapeutic Implications
      • Racial Awakening
      • Racial/Cultural Identity Development Models
      • A Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model
      • Therapeutic Implications of the R/ CID Model
      • Conclusions
      • Summary
      • References
    • Chapter 12 White Racial Identity Development: Therapeutic Implications
      • What Does It Mean to Be White?
      • The Invisible Whiteness of Being
      • Understanding the Dynamics of Whiteness
      • Models of White Racial Identity Development
      • The Process of White Racial Identity Development: A Descriptive Model
      • Developing a Nonracist and Antiracist White Identity
      • Summary
• Section Two Multicultural Counseling and Specific Populations
  • Part V Understanding Specific Populations
    • Chapter 13 Culturally Competent Assessment
      • Therapist Variables Affecting Diagnosis
      • Cultural Competence and Preventing Diagnostic Errors
      • Contextual and Collaborative Assessment
      • Infusing Cultural Competence into Standard Clinical Assessments
      • References
  • Part VI Counseling and Therapy with Racial/Ethnic Minority Group Populations
    • Chapter 14 Counseling African Americans
      • Characteristics and Strengths
      • Specific Challenges
      • References
    • Chapter 15 Counseling American Indians and Alaska Natives
      • Characteristics and Strengths
      • Specific Challenges
      • Alcohol and Substance Abuse
      • References
    • Chapter 16 Counseling Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders
      • Characteristics and Strengths
      • Specific Challenges
      • References
    • Chapter 17 Counseling Latinos
      • Characteristics and Strengths
      • Specific Challenges
      • References
    • Chapter 18 Counseling Individuals of Multiracial Descent
      • Multiracialism in the United States
      • Specific Challenges
      • A Multiracial Bill of Rights
      • Multiracial Strengths
      • References
  • Part VII Counseling and Special Circumstances Involving Racial/Ethnic Populations
    • Chapter 19 Counseling Arab and Muslim Americans
      • Arab Americans
      • Muslim Americans
      • Characteristics and Strengths
      • Specific Challenges
      • References
    • Chapter 20 Counseling Jewish Americans
      • Characteristics and Strengths
      • Specific Challenges
      • References
    • Chapter 21 Counseling Immigrants and Refugees
      • Challenges and Strengths
      • Counseling Refugees
      • References
  • Part VIII Counseling and Therapy with Other Multicultural Populations
    • Chapter 22 Counseling LGBT Individuals
      • Understanding Sexual Minorities
      • Specific Challenges
      • References
    • Chapter 23 Counseling Older Adult Clients
      • Characteristics and Strengths
      • Specific Challenges of Older Adults
      • References
    • Chapter 24 Counseling Women
      • Specific Challenges
      • Embracing Gender Strengths
      • References
    • Chapter 25 Counseling and Poverty
      • Demographics: Who Are the Poor?
      • Strengths of People Living in Poverty
      • Suggested Guidelines for Counselors
      • References
    • Chapter 26 Counseling Persons with Disabilities
      • Understanding Disabilities
      • The Americans with Disabilities Act
      • Specific Challenges
      • Supports for Individuals with Disabilities
      • Counseling Issues with Individuals with Disabilities
• References
• Author Index
• Subject Index

Passing in reverse: What does an NAACP leader’s case say about race?

The Washington Post
2015-06-12

Krissah Thompson, Staff Writer

Passing in this country has usually operated in one direction: black skin passing for white, marginalization traded for privilege, the burden of the minority cast off.

Until now. Enter Rachel Dolezal, 37, the head of the NAACP in Spokane, Wash., who seized headlines and set social media afire this week when relatives claimed that she is a white woman who has been passing as African American.

Her story was a head-scratcher for many, raising questions about the determination to self-identify when it comes to race. Is “passing in reverse” a thing? And what does Dolezal’s supposed decision say about being white in modern America? Was whiteness the weight she cast off?

“In this society, people would prefer to be identified with the race that is least stigmatized,” says Derald Wing Sue, a professor of psychology and education at Columbia University, where he has studied racial identity. “It baffles everyone when it goes the other way.”

But it does not surprise Sue, who has studied the ways white Americans become sensitive to racial dynamics…

…Take, for example, Walter White, born in 1893. Blue-eyed and blond-haired with fair skin, the product of Atlanta’s black community had more white ancestors than black, according to some accounts. And he saw himself as black, although he passed as white to enable his travels through the South investigating lynchings and hate crimes. Later in life, he married a white woman and was forced to defend himself against accusations that he was white passing as black — all while serving as the national head of the NAACP from 1931 to 1955.

Read the entire article here.

Microaggressions and Marginality: Manifestation, Dynamics, and Impact

Wiley
July 2010
360 pages
Hardcover ISBN: 978-0-470-49139-3

Edited By:

Derald Wing Sue, Professor of Psychology and Education
Teachers College, Columbia University

A landmark volume exploring covert bias, prejudice, and discrimination with hopeful solutions for their eventual dissolution

Exploring the psychological dynamics of unconscious and unintentional expressions of bias and prejudice toward socially devalued groups, Microaggressions and Marginality: Manifestation, Dynamics, and Impact takes an unflinching look at the numerous manifestations of these subtle biases. It thoroughly deals with the harm engendered by everyday prejudice and discrimination, as well as the concept of microaggressions beyond that of race and expressions of racism.

Edited by a nationally renowned expert in the field of multicultural counseling and ethnic and minority issues, this book features contributions by notable experts presenting original research and scholarly works on a broad spectrum of groups in our society who have traditionally been marginalized and disempowered.

The definitive source on this topic, Microaggressions and Marginality features:

• In-depth chapters on microaggressions towards racial/ethnic, international/cultural, gender, LGBT, religious, social, and disabled groups
• Chapters on racial/ethnic microaggressions devoted to specific populations including African Americans, Latino/Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, indigenous populations, and biracial/multiracial people
• A look at what society must do if it is to reduce prejudice and discrimination directed at these groups
• Discussion of the common dynamics of covert and unintentional biases
• Coping strategies enabling targets to survive such onslaughts

Timely and thought-provoking, Microaggressions and Marginality is essential reading for any professional dealing with diversity at any level, offering guidance for facing and opposing microaggressions in today’s society.

Table of Contents

• Preface.
• About the Editor
• About the Contributors

PART I: MICROAGGRESSIONS AND MARGINALITY.

• Chapter 1: Microaggressions, Marginality and Oppression: An Introduction (Derald Wing Sue). (Read here.)

PART II: RACIAL/ETHNIC MANIFESTATION OF MICROAGGRESSIONS.

• Chapter 2: Black Undergraduates’ Experience with Perceived Racial Microaggressions in Predominantly White Colleges and Universities (Nicole L. Watkins, Theressa L. LaBarrie, & Lauren M. Appio).
• Chapter 3: Microaggressions and the Life Experience of Latina/o Americans (David P. Rivera, Erin E. Forquer, & Rebecca Rangel).
• Chapter 4: Racial Microaggressions Directed at Asian Americans: Modern Forms of Prejudice and Discrimination (Annie I. Lin).
• Chapter 5: The Context of Racial Microaggressions against Indigenous Peoples: Same Old Racism or Something New? (Jill S. Hill, Suah Kim, & Chantea Williams).
• Chapter 6: Multiracial Microaggressions: Exposing Monoracism in Everyday Life and Clinical Practice (Marc P. Johnston & Kevin L. Nadal).
• Chapter 7: Microaggressions and the Pipeline for Scholars of Color (Fernando Guzman, Jesus Trevino, Fernand Lubuguin, & Bushra Aryan).

PART III: OTHER SOCIALLY DEVALUED GROUP MICROAGGRESSIONS: International/Cultural, Sexual Orientation and Transgender, Disability, Class and Religious.

• Chapter 8: Microaggressions Experienced by International Students Attending U. S. Institutions of Higher Education (Suah Kim & Rachel H. Kim).
• Chapter 9: The Manifestation of Gender Microaggressions (Christina M. Capodilupo, Kevin L. Nadal, Lindsay Corman, Sahran Hamit, Oliver Lyons, & Alexa Weinberg).
• Chapter 10: Sexual Orientation and Transgender Microaggressions: Implications for Mental Health and Counseling (Kevin L. Nadal, David P. Rivera, & Melissa J.H. Corpus).
• Chapter 11: Microaggressive Experiences of People with Disabilities (Richard M. Keller & Corinne E. Galgay).
• Chapter 12: Class Dismissed: Making the Case for the Study of Classist Microaggressions (Laura Smith & Rebecca M. Redington).
• Chapter 13: Religious Microaggressions in the United States: Mental Health Implications for Religious Minority Groups (Kevin L. Nadal, Marie-Anne Issa, Katie E. Griffin, Sahran Hamit, & Oliver B. Lyons).

PART IV: MICROAGGRESSION RESEARCH.

• Chapter 14: Microaggression Research: Methodological Review and Recommendations (Michael Y. Lau & Chantea D. Williams).
• Author Biographies.